Questões

        In today’s interconnected world, the concept of globalization plays a significant role. Globalization refers to the increased interconnectedness of people, cultures, economies, and nations across the globe. It has been driven by advances in technology, trade, and communication, making the world a smaller and more interdependent place.

        One of the most noticeable aspects of globalization is the rise of multinational corporations. Companies like Apple, Google, and Coca-Cola have a global presence and impact. They operate in multiple countries, manufacture products in one part of the world, and sell them in another. This has led to greater access to goods and services for consumers worldwide but has also raised questions about economic inequality and exploitation.

        Globalization has also transformed the way we communicate. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have connected people from different corners of the world. Information and news now travel at lightning speed, influencing public opinion and shaping global events. However, this instant connectivity has also brought concerns about privacy, misinformation, and cyberbullying.

        The impact of globalization is evident in culture and lifestyle as well. The exchange of music, movies, and fashion trends between countries has created a global pop culture. People can enjoy sushi in New York, listen to K-pop in Brazil, or watch Hollywood movies in India. While this cultural exchange can be enriching, it has also led to fears of cultural homogenization and the loss of local traditions.

        In conclusion, globalization has profoundly affected our world in various ways, from economics to culture to communication. It has opened up opportunities and posed challenges that societies must address in our interconnected global community.

FONTE: Adapted from: https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/ globalization. Accessed on October 10, 2023.

    (CNN) It's the killer that, by some measures, takes more young lives each year than conflict or some forms of cancer. Every 30 seconds a person is killed in a road crash, according to figures from the Global Road Safety Partnership. That's more than 3,400 people per day and 1.25 million people per year. Perhaps even more arresting is World Health Organization (WHO) analysis which says that 90% of all road based fatalities occur in low to middle income countries, despite such nations having only half of the world's vehicles. It's a tragedy that even takes a toll on development costing some nations up to 5% of GDP, according to the International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP). The problem is so pressing that the U.N. declared the years between 2011 and 2020 as the "Decade of Action for Road Safety," with over 100 countries pledging to reduce killer car accidents. Some of the highest rates of road deaths can be found in Africa. According to the WHO's 2015 Global Status on Road safety report, Libya is at the top of the table (73 deaths per 100,000 people), followed by Thailand (36) and Malawi (35). Automatic detection

    Yet one South African company has designed a system that it believes can help cut Africa's dismal rate of road fatalities. CrashDetech is a smartphone application designed by Johannesburg- based entrepreneur Jaco Gerrits. It operates while a user is driving and detects the sudden motion and G-forces of a car crash. The app then pinpoints the location of the accident and automatically calls an emergency response center, which will dispatch the nearest medical emergency team. CrashDetechs also sends personal medical information, such as allergies and blood type, to enable doctors and paramedics to offer more effective treatment. The aim is to reduce waiting times, and in doing so, save lives. Race against time

    In South Africa, the WHO estimate that roughly 38 people are killed in road accidents each day. "It's a major global public health problem," Gerrits told CNN. "They [the WHO] have identified that how quickly you respond to a crash and how effectively obviously can make a massive difference‖. Let's say in a rural area you're involved in a crash and you're off the road. There's a good chance that nobody might even notice the crash. You can't speak for yourself, and those patients will probably never get the right kind of treatment to them in time." According to Dr Pieter Venter of the Global Road Safety partnership, mobile technology start-up's like CrashDetech have exciting potential. "A number of providers of such services have launched both here in South Africa and right around the world, and there is a growing body of anecdotal evidence which supports the position that this technology can play a key role in helping to save lives," Venter said. But Venter also states that changing attitudes to the wearing of seatbelts and highlighting the dangers of drink-driving are also important factors in reducing road fatalities in the likes of South Africa.

    One of the app's key advantages is it has grouped together 113 different private emergency medical providers in South Africa, meaning its customers have a greater chance of accessing an ambulance that's near. "You might be familiar with one specific [ambulance] number, for example ER24, [but] there's a good chance they're half an hour away. Whereas let's say Netcare 911 might be 5 minutes away," Gerrits continued "If you've got medical aid [insurance], it normally has a relationship with one of the private companies. They'll typically try and dispatch the company's resources that they have a relationship with," said Gerrits.

Adaptado de (http://edition.cnn.com/2016/08/08/africa/crashdetech-appcar-crash/index.html)

        In today’s interconnected world, the concept of globalization plays a significant role. Globalization refers to the increased interconnectedness of people, cultures, economies, and nations across the globe. It has been driven by advances in technology, trade, and communication, making the world a smaller and more interdependent place.

        One of the most noticeable aspects of globalization is the rise of multinational corporations. Companies like Apple, Google, and Coca-Cola have a global presence and impact. They operate in multiple countries, manufacture products in one part of the world, and sell them in another. This has led to greater access to goods and services for consumers worldwide but has also raised questions about economic inequality and exploitation.

        Globalization has also transformed the way we communicate. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have connected people from different corners of the world. Information and news now travel at lightning speed, influencing public opinion and shaping global events. However, this instant connectivity has also brought concerns about privacy, misinformation, and cyberbullying.

        The impact of globalization is evident in culture and lifestyle as well. The exchange of music, movies, and fashion trends between countries has created a global pop culture. People can enjoy sushi in New York, listen to K-pop in Brazil, or watch Hollywood movies in India. While this cultural exchange can be enriching, it has also led to fears of cultural homogenization and the loss of local traditions.

        In conclusion, globalization has profoundly affected our world in various ways, from economics to culture to communication. It has opened up opportunities and posed challenges that societies must address in our interconnected global community.

FONTE: Adapted from: https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/ globalization. Accessed on October 10, 2023.

    Critical literacies are not new among scholars and researchers in literacy education. However, due to different theoretical bases, there is no unique definition of “critical literacy”. In their broadest sense, critical literacies refer to the ability to read texts going beyond their superficial meaning. That is, it implies approaching texts in a reflective way to understand working ideologies such as power, inequality, and injustice. In the realm of critical literacy, text is understood as a “vehicle through which individuals communicate with one another using the codes and conventions of society” (Robinson & Robinson, 2003, p. 3). Texts, in this sense, can be either songs, novels, poems, conversations, pictures, movies, and so on. […]

    Hence, the critical literacies approach is generally contrasted with functional literacy. The former views literacy as a social practice, while the latter views literacy as the mastery of linguistic skills. In addition, Manning (1999) developed a framework to distinguish critical literacies from functional literacy by establishing the difference between their respective ideology purpose, literacy curriculum, and instruction. On the one hand, the main objective of functional literacy is to produce skilled workers for the marketplace. Consequently, the curriculum is restrictive and the instruction is individualistic and competitive. On the other hand, for critical literacies, texts are not neutral but marked by power messages, dominating interests, and hidden agendas. In order to deconstruct these texts and unveil their ideological messages and power relationships, the curriculum is to employ materials from the everyday world as text and analytic tools.

    Critical scholars have overtly supported the idea that there is not a single procedure for incorporating critical literacies into the classroom, given that the particularities of the context where the foreign language is taught differ from one another. Thus, an approach to critical literacies “needs to be continually redefined in practice” (Comber, 2001, p. 274).

Adapted from: Jiménez, M.C. G. and Gutiérrez, C.P. “Engaging English as a Foreign Language Students in Critical Literacy Practices: The Case of a Teacher at a Private University” available at http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script= sci_arttext&pid=S1657-07902019000100091&lng=en&nrm=iso