Celse-Murcia (2013) presents six principles related to a specific teaching methodology.
Read the principles below:
I. The point of departure for developing courses and materials is the development
of an inventory of learner needs rather than an inventory of phonological, lexical
and grammatical items.
II. Learners develop the ability to communicate in a language through using the
language rather than studying and memorizing bits of the linguistic system.
III. Learners' own personal experiences are central to the learning process.
IV. There is a focus on learning processes and strategies as well as on language
content.
V. Classroom language learning is systematically linked to learning outside the
classroom.
VI. Learners are exposed to authentic listening and reading texts.
According to the author, the statements above refer to the methodology known as