The history of English language teaching (ELT) is
unarguably linked to the history of imperialism and
colonialism, which materializes in a certain extent the
explicit or implicit cultural domination. Such
domination inevitably involves the insertion of the
colonizer's language into the lives of the colonized
peoples. In this regard, the history of English language
teaching has always been experienced in terms of
cycles, such as theoretical principles and techniques that
appear as a trend, disappear for a time and reappear for
another period time, sometimes with new principles and
fundamentals, and the cycles tend to follow one another.
In this regard, studies in Applied Linguistics and
Methods and Approaches in English Language
Teaching suggest Grammar Translation Method, Direct
Method, Oral Approach and Audiolingualism Method
to be the first ones in ELT history. Having that in mind match the second column based on the information
provided in the first one. Then, check the correct
answer.
( A ) GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD
( B ) DIRECT METHOD
( C ) ORAL APPROACH
( D) AUDIOLINGUALISM METHOD
( ) Grammatical rules are not presented formally and
the texts used for reading and writing activities are
no longer literary since this method is based on
certain principles, such as: selection, gradation and
presentation.
( ) Learning is associated with syntactic, morphological
and phonological structures which are learned from
a system of stimulus, response and reinforcement.
( ) In this method, the writing skill is also developed,
but not with a communicative purpose.
( ) Adopting the monolingual principle, this method
involves the use of objects, gestures and images to
explain the meanings of words, since the students'
native language is prohibited from being used.
( ) Language learning would be associated with the
formation of readers and the intellectual
development of students.
( ) This method involves automatic correction and
immediate assessment of students' mistakes by
teachers in order to prevent the students from
forming or acquiring bad habits and behaviors during
the learning process.
( ) As a theoretical systematization of foreign language
teaching, its objective would be the development of
students' oral skills as the vocabulary and
grammatical structures they have learned would be
controlled in terms of frequency of occurrence.
( ) In this method, learning must be directly connected
to the target language without going through the
process of translation into the students' native
language.
( ) The language to be taught is the spoken language
and the new elements of the language are practiced
situationally as the grammatical items are proposed
gradually, that is, from the simplest to the most
complex forms.
( ) In this method, language is both seen and considered
as a behavior, for it is a means of oral
communication.