Communication involves not only knowing the context and interlocutors but also having knowledge of
the linguistic resources available to achieve specific communicative purposes. Linguistic or systemic
knowledge refers to the understanding of how language works, including its structure, grammar,
vocabulary, and discourse. It involves knowing how to use different types of language in different
contexts, such as formal and informal, spoken and written, and different genres, such as narrative,
descriptive, and argumentative. Linguistic knowledge also includes an understanding of the
relationship between language and meaning, including figurative language, metaphors, and idioms. In
short, having linguistic knowledge is an essential aspect of successful communication in any language.
Which of the following is NOT part of linguistic or systemic knowledge?