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The term “safe language” is, unfortunately, even more
contentious than “type system”. Although people generally
feel they know one when they see it, their notions of exactly
what constitutes language safety are strongly influenced by
the language community to which they belong. Informally,
though, safe languages can be defined as ones that make it
impossible to shoot yourself in the foot while programming.
(Types and Programming Languages, Benjamin C. Pierce, MIT Press, 2002)