After reading Dirgeyasa's dialogue about genre-based approach, choose the alternative that it is not true.
[...]
Then recently, genre is also used in linguistics study. In linguistic study, genre becomes a kind language
object to study. As a matter of fact, the study of genre in linguistics literacy is based on Systemic Functional
Linguistic-SFL (Halliday, 1978; Swales, 1990; Hyland, 2003). Then, Christie dan Martin (2000) adds that
linguistic functional becomes a basic and fundamental reference in the framework of the usage of the
language in term of genre.
So what is genre in terms of the language and linguistics? Martin (1999) states that genre is communication
activity having and orienting goal. Then, Swales (1990) simply defines genre as a communication event in
which the members have a set of communication goal. By referring two statements above, it can be said that
genre is a process of communication which has a certain goal (goal oriented) for its members in a certain
event of communication due to certain social context. Genre is a matter of communication event by social
context. Consequently, the different social context then, tends to lead to different genre.
[...]
In addition, Swales (1990) further argues that:
A class of communication events, the members of which share some ethnographical communication, but typically
need further validation set of communicative purposes. The purposes are recognized by the expert members of the
parent discourse community, and thereby constitute the rationale for the genre. This rationale shapes the
schematic structure of the discourse and influences and constraints choice of the content and style.
Communicative purpose is both a privileged criterion and one that operate to keep the scope of a genre as here
conceived narrowly focused on comparable rhetorical action. In addition to purpose, exemplars of a genre exhibit
various patterns of similarities in terms of structure, style, content and intended audiences..The genre name
inherited and produced by discourse communities and imported by others constitute valuable.
What Swales has stated is seemingly clear that genre has a number of characteristic and features such as a)
genre has a particular communication event, b) genre has a specific goal (goal oriented), c) genre is different
and various in accordance to its typical features, d) each genre has a matter of limitation and rules including
content, physical form, and shape, and e) every genre belongs to a certain discourse community.
In line with discourse community, (Widdoson, 2007) adds that genre is shaped or existing due to the existing
discourse community. It is a fact that different discourse community has different genre. Talking about
discourse community and genre in connection to the discourse community, Swales (1990), as cited by
(Ohoiwutun, 1996), clarifies that characteristics of discourse community in terms of the usage of language in
social context is a) a certain discourse community has certain communication goals approved, b) the
discourse community communicate within its members, c) a certain discourse community use a certain
pattern of communication for its members, d) the discourse community tends to have more than one types
of genre to communicate , and e) the discourse community, at last gains a number specific register. (p.45)
Dirgeyasa, I Wy. Genre-Based Approach: What and How to Teach and to Learn Writing. English Language Teaching; Vol. 9, No. 9; 2016