Questões

Increased public health spending must continue to improve hardest-hit primary care services such as routine immunization programs, says PAHO Director.

Washington, DC, November 10, 2021 (PAHO) – With countries in the Americas reporting severe disruptions in essential primary health care services, urgent investment is key to improving health systems continuously weakened by the pandemic, said Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Director Carissa F. Etienne.

With cases rising in some parts of the region following a two-month decline, it is vital that countries remain vigilant and prioritize public spending in heath so that no one is left behind.

“Few countries invest as much public spending in their health services as they should, leaving them prone to shortages in health personnel and essential supplies.”

With the pandemic siphoning off financial and human resources, many countries have reported interruptions in vital areas, such as routine immunization programs, support for chronic conditions and mental- and reproductive health services. 

Despite these disruptions, public investment in health has risen in many countries to ramp up ICU capacity, increase hospital services, and deploy COVID-19 vaccines. But these increases cannot be a short-term trend, the Director said.

All countries should increase public expenditures in their health systems to the recommended 6% of national GDP or higher and should ensure that 30% of this funding goes to first level care.

“Primary care, as you have heard us say over and over again, is the backbone of our health systems,” Dr. Etienne said, and more important than ever. “It’s at the primary care level that COVID testing, contact tracking and tracing and immunizations take place.”

As economies remain strained, countries face difficult choices about how to spend limited funds. “We cannot forget that health is an investment, not an expense,” the Director said. “As we learned with COVID-19, health is at the core of vibrant societies. It keeps people working, kids in schools, companies productive and economies growing.”

Turning to the COVID-19 situation in the region, Dr. Etienne said that in the past week countries reported 700,000 new COVID infections and 13,000 deaths.

Several countries, including parts of Colombia and Bolivia and the Southern Cone countries, are seeing upward trends after relaxing public health measures.

In the Caribbean, Cuba, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico have reported a drop in new infections while cases are rising in the Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados. High numbers of cases are also being seen in the Cayman Islands and Dominica.

Vaccination rates, however, continue to pick up pace, reaching an overall coverage of 48% in Latin America and the Caribbean.

PAHO continues to work with manufacturers to secure additional doses, the Director added. The organization has signed supply agreements with three manufacturers of WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL) vaccines and is in final negotiations with a fourth supplier of mRNA vaccines.

Available at: https://www.paho.org/en/news/10-11-2021-investment-primary-health-care-urgentlyneeded-ensure-covid-19-recovery-americas

ÈMILE ZOLA (1840 – 1902)

No dia do enterro de Émile Zola, as ruas ficaram tomadas por pessoas que queriam lhe prestar homenagem. Mas o caminho para tal sucesso no coração da progressista Paris não foi fácil. A infância de Zola em Aix-em-Provence foi marcada pela pobreza, assim como a juventude em Paris. Em 1865, ele celebrou a publicação do primeiro romance, La Confession de Claude, mas também experimentou pela primeira vez o gosto da polêmica. O realismo gráfico do livro despertou o interesse da polícia e fez com que Zola perdesse o emprego na editora Hachette.

A carreira de escritor, tanto no jornalismo quanto na ficção, estava prestes a começar. Foi dominada por uma série de 20 romances de ambição e alcance impressionantes, registrando uma época de grandes mudanças na França. A série Rougon-Macquart acompanhava duas famílias durante o Segundo Império Francês (1852-1870). Utilizando uma impetuosa mistura de lirismo romântico e realismo sórdido, a série varou todos os aspectos da vida francesa contemporânea, dos infortúnios dos camponeses à ascensão dos impressionistas. O objetivo de Zola era estudar como a hereditariedade e o ambiente influenciavam o comportamento. No meio do caminho, despertou a ira de muitos: daqueles que se ofendiam pelo lado mais sombrio da vida moderna ao de infância, Cézanne, que julgou ter sido retratado de forma pouco lisonjeira em A Obra, e aos oponentes das críticas de Zola ao governo francês em A Derrocada.

A polêmica política voltou à cena em 1898, quando Zola defendeu o oficial de Exército Alfre Dreyfus em um caso de traição de grande repercussão. Sua famosa defesa, publicada no jornal L’aurore, começava com J’accuse... (Eu acuso), e fez com que fosse perseguido e tivesse que se refugiar na Inglaterra. Ele e Dreyfus foram absolvidos, mas há quem ainda acredite que a morte de Zola, por asfixia, foi tramada por conspiradores anti-Dreyfus.

(PATRICK, Julien. 501 Grnades Escritores. São Paulo: Sextante, 2009, p. 201).