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Climate crisis, cities, and health Prof Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen PhD More than ever, the climate crisis is becoming a health crisis. An estimated 5 million people globally die each year because of suboptimal temperatures, with a large proportion of heat-related mortality (37%) attributable to human-induced climate change. The last few years have been the hottest on record and high temperatures claimed over 60 000 lives in Europe alone in 2022, with cities the most affected and temperatures in cities projected to increase. Urban heat islands that result from excessive asphalt and concrete in cities contribute to an increase in temperature and premature mortality. Just over half of the world's population (56%) now lives in cities and that percentage is expected to reach nearly 70% by 2050.